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J. 8a C. lROTHWELLl l LOOM PoR WBAVING PILE FABRICS. No. 257,517. Patented May 9,1882.

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LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

Patented May 9, 1882.

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J. & C. ROTHWELL.

LOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS. No. 257,517. Patented May 9,1882.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ROTHWIELL AND CHARLES ROTHWELL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

LOOM FOR WEVING PILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,517, dated May 9, 1852.

Application inca Julyse, rsa1. (No mmm.)

To all whom it may concern Beit known that we, JOHN ROTHWELL and CHARLES ROTHWELL, both of the city and county ofPhiladelphia, State of Pennsylvania, l

z neXed drawings, making part hereof.

Our invention relates toa class of looms for weaving a pile-looped fabric, in the production of which fabric two series of warps are required, one for making the body, called the bodywarp, and one for making the loops, `called the terry-warp,77 the body-warp being weighted with more friction than the terry-warp. The loops are made by partially beating up certain picks of weft-thread, and afterward further beating up or driving home those picks in order to cause the terry-warp threads to bc drawn olf faster than the body-warp threads, and causing them to rise up from thc body in loops. By means of a locking device hereinafter described this looping operation may be suspended at any desired moment and the loom made to weave plain cloth. The fabric thus woven is especially designed for towels,

napkins, and other like fabrics to which it may' be desired to give a looped body and a plain border.

Our improvement consists in the peculiar mechanical combinations of parts hereinafter described, and particularly pointed ont in the claims.

To enable others skilled in the art of weaving looped fabrics and in the construction of looms to make and use our invention, we will now proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

In the drawings, Figure I is an inside elevation ofthe end of a looln having our improvements attached. Fig. II is a top view of such a loom. Figs. III and IV are a top view and side elevation, respectively, ot' our adjustable mechanism for operating the eccentric-bearing, the parts being disposed as they are when the loomis weaving a looped fabric. Fig. V isa similar view of said mechanism disposedas when the loom is weaving plain cloth. Figs. VI, VII, VIII are detached views, showing the construction of the leccentric-bearing Fig.

IX is an elevation, showing the terry-lever, Ste.

A is the frame of the loom, to which are attached the journal-boxes B, containing (Fig. VII) eccentric-bearings B. Resting in said bearings is the crank-shaft O.

I) is the cam-shaft, and E is the back shaft, which shafts are operated by gearing in the usual manner. The shaft E carries the cams for working the heddles, and in addition thereto the cam F. is pivoted to the girth A of the loom.

H is a rod connecting lever G with arm I. J is another arm, to which is secured the lockbar K, the forward end of the latter sliding upon the lower beam, A, of the loom.

By means of bolts and slots, as shown, the various parts may be adjusted in relation to cach other for the purpose ,of changing the grade of the fabric, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth. I y

Arms I aud Jare rigidly secured to the shaft L, and, though shown as cast in one piece, may bc made separately. Thelockbaris provided with projections r, to which are secured thc springs M, the other ends of which are fastened tothe beam A, as shown. At each end of shaft L is rigidly secured an arm, N, which is connected with the arm O of the eccentricbearing by means of the rod P.

Q are the pitmen which transmit motion to the lay and reed R It. v t

S is the terry-lever pivoted to the breastbeam A, and T is a bell-crank lever, also pivotedto the breast-beam at its angle T', and connected with the terry-lever S and lock-bar K by rods V in the manner shown.

The operation` of the loom is as follows: Power being applied through the intervention of gears inthe usual manner, the various parts are brought into action. In Fig. IV, the short pin F of cam F being clear of lever Gr, springs y M by their tension have drawn the lock-barK and arm J forward, givinga partial turn to shaft L, and thereby imparting to arm I, rod H, and lever G an upward movement, which, as well as the said partial turn of said shaft L andthe movements imparted thereby to the various parts, as hereinafter set forth, is lim-` ited by the contact of the said lever G with the abutment or stop e, Figsz-III and IV, the lat G is a lever, one end of which IOG ter in the present case being formed bythe end of shaft E. The partial turn given to shaft L, as described, is also imparted, it w'ill be evident, to arms N, and, ultimately,to each eccentric-'bearing B', through the intervention of connecting mechanism O P, Fig. l, drawing the crank-shaft and the pitinen, lay, and reed to their farthest possible distance from the cloth-making line. Now,`when the pin F in its revolution comes in contact with the lever G the latter is depressed, producing by reason ot the rod H a like effect upon arm I, giving a partial reverse turn to shalt L and to arniN, and this movement imparted to the eccentricbearing B' forces the latter, and with it the crank-shaft, pitmen, lay, and reed, forward, thereby enabling the saidlayand reed to reach the cloth-making line. In other words, for certain throws the lay will only partially beat up the picks of weft-thread, and at others by the action ofcam F drive them home, and the ratio of partial to complete beat-ups, it will be obvious, is dependent upon the number of reveilltions of the crank-shaft to every revolution of cam-F or shaft E, which ratio is regulated by gearing in the manner well known to those skilled in the art, from which it will appear that the cam F and the eccentric-bearing B, which it ultimately operates, lnay be automatically kept at rest for any desired number of beat-ups of the lay and then operated in conjunction with the crank-shaft, according as the said gearing may be varied. B v this arrangement while the pin F is clear ot' the lever G the crank-shalt, as has been stated, is at its farthest distance from the cloth-making line, so that for a certain number of shots of lilling the layr and reed are prevented from quite reaching the said line, but at the succeeding shot, as the cam F is revolved, pin F depresses the lever G, and with it arms-I and N and rod and arm I), giving the eccentric bearing B a partial turn, throwing` the crankshaft forward, and thus allowing` the lay and reed to drive that and the previous shots ot' filling home, sliding upon the body-warp, butvv carrying the terry-warp with them, causing the latter to rise up from the body ot' the fabric and form loops on one or both sides, according as the terry-warp is drawn in the heddles. .As the pin F frees itself from the lever Gr, springs M by their recoil bring all the parts to their original` position. These alternate operations are repeated until the looped fabric border.

is. completed and it is desired to weave a plain This is accomplished in the manner following: The forward end of the lockbar K slides upon the lower beam, A, and is partlyr cut away or recessed. Now, this recess would engage with the edge ofthe said beam were it not for the terry-lever S, which keeps the lockbar K in anelevated position. It is evident, therefore, that by reversing the said terry-lever the lock-bar will be allowed to fall, and as the shaft L is turned by the action of the cam F, throwing the lay and reed forward to the clothmaking line, the arm J and lock-barK will be drawn back somewhat, so that the recessed end engages with the edge ot'beam A, as shown in Fig. V, and prevents the various parts from returning. As a result the lay and reed will drive the filling home at every shot and the loom continue to weave plain cloth.. This action of lever S and the parts operated thereby is accomplished without stopping the loom; and so likewise, after a sufficient amount ot' plain border has been woven, and it is again desired to weave the looped fabric, thelever S is merely forced to its original position, thus raising the lock bar clear of the edge of beam A and allowing the springs M to bring all the parts to the positions originallyoccupied. The loom will then continue to weave a looped fabric, as before, from which it will be seen that -the loom may bc made to weave a plain or llooped fabric at the will of the weaver.

The length of the loop of course depends 'upon the stroke of the eccentric-thatis, upon the distance traversed by thecccentric bearing B in carrying the crank-shaft C from the point at which the partial beat-ups are made to the point that enables the lay and reed to reach the ycloth-making line. By increasing or diminishing that distance the loop may be varied accordingly. Now, since that distance depends upon the position ot' the crank-shaft, and, necessarily, 'of the eccentric-bearing, any change in that position will vary that distance. Upon reference to Fig. 1V, it will be seen that by moving the rod H iu the slot of arm I in a direction from shaft L, lever vGr being prevented from rising by reason of the abutment or stop e, the said arm I will bc somewhat depressed, giving a partial turn to said shaft L, thereby likewise depressing arm N, rod P, and arm O, and thus causing the eccentric-bearing B to take a somewhat advanced position, carrying with it the crank-shaft. This advance in the position of crank-shaft C, it is evident, enables the lay and reed to make partial beat-ups ata point nearer the cloth-making line, and consequently lessens the length ofthe loopsor pile in proportion. At the same time the partial turn given to shaft L by the depressionof arm I throws arm J backward, and with it the lock-bar K. The latter, however, is made iu two parts, or q, adjustable in the direction of its length, and may be thus lengthened sufficiently to enable itto slide upon the beam A and engage with the edge thereof, according as IOO ITO

the loom is weaving looped o'r plain fabric, as

set forth. Now, by moving the rod in the slot ofarm I toward the shaft L it will be evident that the`V action of the parts last above described will be reversed, and that the distance ol' the point to which the partial beat-ups of the lay will be made from the cloth-making line will be increased aud the length of the loops or pile increased accordingly, the lockbar in this instance being shortened by the adjustment of itsparts x y to correspond with the forward movement imparted to it and arm J by the partial turn of shaft L.

It will be further evident that rod H may be adjusted in the slot of lever G for the purpose of elevating or depressing arm I, and thus varying the length of the loops or thc grade ot' the fabric 5 but the slots shown in cam F, arm J, and girth A are merely for convenience j in originally setting up the loom.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-e l. In a loom for Weaving looped or terry and plain fabrics, the combination, with the eccentric-journals B', having the arms O secured thereto, the rods l), arms N, shaft L, and operatin g mechanism for said shaft, ofthe crank'- shaft G, pitmen Q, and the lay and reed R R' as shown and described. 2. The combination of cam F, lever G, rod H, arm I, shaft L, arm J, lock-bar K, springs M, eccentric-bearing B', and connecting mechanism N P O, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination of cam F, shaft L, eccentric-bearing B', connecting mechanism N P O, adjustable mechanism G H I, and abutment or stop e, whereby the length of the loops or grade of the fabric may be varied, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of terry-lever S, lock-bar K, mechanism connecting said terry-lever and lock-bar, as shown, arm J, and shaft L, substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination of terry -lever S, bellcrauk lever T, and rods V with the lock-bar K, formed ofthe parts .fr y and adjustable in the direction of its length, and having the notch a, the springs M, adjustable mechanism G J H I, shaft L, and cam F, substantially as shown and described.

6. rlhe eccentric-bearings B' and rigidly-attached arm O, boxes B, rods P, arms N, and shaft L, in combination with arms J I, rod H, adjustable lock-bar K, lever G, cani F, having pin F', stop e, the shaft E, and means for operating said shaft, substantially as shown and described.

JOHN ROTHWELL. CHARLES ROTHWELL.

Witnesses:

E.'L. TAYLOR, ALBERT E. ZACHERLF.. 

